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[QUOTE]Originally posted by Earth_Shaker: [QB] About Saskatchewan The Province of Saskatchewan is situated in the heart of the Canadian prairies. While Saskatchewan's population is relatively small, it's natural resources are enormous. Saskatchewan is a world leader in potash and uranium mining, with over 30 mines in operation. What's more, the province offers a stable political climate with a very favourable business climate for investment in the mining industry. About the area The James Smith Cree Nation Reserve encompasses 50 square miles of land near the Fort á la Corne Diamond Fields. While the known kimberlite bodies and Fort á la Corne Diamond Fields mineral claims are outside the actual reserve boundries, the Cree Nation has a strong pro-business philosophy and fully supports plans for exploration in the area. WHY DIAMONDS IN SASKATCHEWAN ? - One of the largest known kimberlite clusters in the world. - 130 of the 2000 kimberlite pipes known worldwide are macro-diamond bearing. 23 of these are located in the Fort a la Corne district of Saskatchewan. - 80% of Saskatchewans' kimberlite pipes are diamondiferous. - 50% contain diamonds over one millimeter in size. - A high percentage of diamonds recovered are clear, inclusion-free and exhibit good crystal form. - Pipes said to have erupted under inland sea and therefore have not been exposed to weathering or glaciation. - Pipes lie within 300 feet of surface. - Area accessible by paved all-weather road, with water and power readily available. - Studies indicate cash operating costs of $10.50 per tonne, including overburden removal. - Saskatchewan government encourages mining in the province. Geologists believe the diamond-bearing kimberlite pipes in Saskatchewan were formed some 100 million years ago. Thick layers of inland sea sediment have protected the kimberlite pipes from erosion, resulting in pipes that remain nearly intact today. Compared to the diamond bearing pipes in South Africa or the Northwest Territories, Fort á la Corne pipes are huge. Mining A Kimberlite Pipe Source Link Mining of a diamond-bearing pipe starts with the excavation of a pit into the pipe. In this process, called "open-pit" or "open-cast" mining, the initially loose and eventually hard ore material is removed with large hydraulic shovels and ore trucks.The headframe at Frank Smith mine in South Africa stands above the vertical access shaft to underground workings, and controls the cable and cars moving in the shaft. click to zoom in Hard rock is drilled and blasted with explosives so the broken material can be removed. When deep, rich ore warrants it, the mining goes underground with vertical shafts descending to horizontal drifts, or passageways that enter the pipe. The headframe at Frank Smith mine in South Africa stands above the vertical access shaft to underground workings, and controls the cable and cars moving in the shaft. In bedrock adjacent to the pipe, shafts are sunk and drifts are tunneled into the pipe. The highly mechanized and efficient method known as block caving is shown in the adjacent model. Concrete-lined tunnels are excavated under a large vertical section, perhaps 140 to 180 meters (400 to 600 feet) of kimberlite. Along the tunnels are draw points, or openings in the concrete casing where kimberlite is drilled and blasted to cave in a section above the tunnel. Broken kimberlite falls through the draw points and is scraped out of the tunnel with a drag or scraper bucket attached to a cable and winch, working much like a clothes line on a pulley. The kimberlite above the tunnels falls under its own weight and leads to a slow, continuous caving of ground that is removed through the draw points. The scraped kimberlite rubble is loaded into cars on a lower level and moved to a crusher underground. The crushed ore is then conveyed to skips that carry the ore up the vertical shaft for processing. The open pit at the Udachnaya (Lucky) pipe in Sakha Republic, Russia, has produced many millions of carats of diamond. The bench steps are about 20 m high. drilled and blasted A cross section of the underground workings at the Dutoitspan mine, Kimberley, South Africa. Adapted from De Beers [/QB][/QUOTE]
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